Oxidizing apparatus.



' N0.'70|,860. Patented lun e l0, I902. A. N. DUBOIS.

OXIDIZING APPARATUS.

'(Applicfition filed Mar. 12, 1900.)

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet I.

WITNESSES: r PQ INVENTOR No. 70l,860. Patented June l0, I902.

A. N. DUBOIS.

OXIDIZING APPARATUS.

(Applica tiomfiled Mar. 12, 1900.: (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Patented lune l0. I902.

No. 710L860. I

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OXIDIZING APPARATUS.

(Application filed Mar. 12, 1900.)

3 Shaefs-Sheet 3,

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER N. DUBOIS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

OXIDIZING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 701,860, dated June 10,1902.

Application filed March 12, 1900.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER N. DUBoIs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inoxidizing Apparatus for the-Use of Dyers, of which the following is aspecification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

Myinvention has relation to improvements in oxidizing apparatus for theuse of dyers, and more particularly to that class'of oxidizers whereinthe goods or materials after being immersed in the dye liquor are placedin a drum or other receptacle and subjected to attrition and permeatedby currents of air and gases at a given temperature.

The objects of the invention are, first, to provide improved means bywhich a more even circulation of the heated. gases may be directedthroughout the drum; second, to pro-- vide means to permit any excess ofheat or gases to escape from the chamber containing the drum; third, toprovide improved means whereby the temperature and degree of moisturewithin the chamber may be relatively ascertained, and, finally, toafiord a more positive attrition of the goods in order to produce alisle finish. I attain these objects by the constructions shown in theaccompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a view of my apparatus forfastblack dyeing. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the completeapparatus, showing the ventilator and means for ascertaining thetemperature and humidity of the interior of the chamber. Fig. 3 is anend view in elevation.

Referring to the drawings, A designates a suitable casing orcompartment, in which the oxidizing-cylinders are placed. This casing isconstructed with side walls and ceiling of any material impervious tothe gases circulating within the compartment. In the ceiling is aventilator consisting of a dome or airshaft 1, adjacent to the top ofwhich are open ings 2 to permit of the escape of gases. Within the shaft1, at any suitable point, is a damper 3, the closing or opening of whicheither retains the gases and heat within the compartment or allows themto escape into the open a1r.

Within the compartment A is the main sup- Serial No. 8,291. (No modeLlporting-frame B of the drum, consisting of standards 4. These standardsare provided at the top with bearings 5, in which are journaled thetrunnions 6 of the cylinder 0.

The drum or oxidizing-cylinder 0 consists of the heads or end pieces 7,of any suitable material, connected to each other by strips 8. Thesestrips 8 are inserted in holes bored in the rim of the end pieces 7 andallowed to pro.- ject asufficient distance beyond them to be securelyheld by means of theflat bolts 9. Upon the stripsat desired intervalsare fastened conical pins or projections 10, inclined in the directionof the rotation of the drum at an angle of approximately forty-fivedegrees and of sufficient length to pick up the material as it fallsinto the bottom of the drum and hold it until it reaches the top. Theinclination of the pins at an angle insures elevation of the material tothe top of the cylinder A before it can fall, and thus a greaterattrition is attained than if the pins were set at right angles to thestrips. Over the strips is stretched a wire cover 11, which retains thegoods in the cylinder. Thiscover is of open wire mesh, so as to allowthe hot air and gases to have free circulation throughout the interiorof the cylinder.

I provide the cylinder with two doors 12, so as to afford ready accessto the interior of the cylinder. These doors arehinged at one side andon the opposite side are supplied with a suitable fastening means tohold them closed while the cylinder is being rotated.

Within thecylinder (Latithe center thereof and parallel to the endpieces 7, is a partition D, formed with perforations 13, through whichthe hot air and gases circulate and causing them to be more evenlydispensed throughout the cylinder. This partition is held in position bybolts let through the strips 8.

The trunnions 6 are suitably secured to the heads of the cylinder bymeans of spiders'let. One of these trunnions has securely fastenedthereon pulleys 15 of various sizes in order to impart a rapid or slowmotion to the cylinder. v p

About the sides of the compartment are steam-radiator pipes E, whichsupply the necessary heat to the cylinders. These steampipes are muchmore preferable to heat derived from an outside source, since heated airforced into the compartment carries with it more or less hydrogen,which, uniting with the chlorin of the dye, forms hydrochloric acid in avaporous form,which tends to tender and disintegrate the fibers of thematerial.

At a suitable point within the compartment A is fixed an electricthermometer F to indicate the degree of temperature to which the goodsare subjected. This thermometer has contacts upon its scale at thepoints where it is desired. I show it in the drawings as having contactsat 106, 112, and 118. At the base of the mercury-bulb 16 is also acontact 17, which touches the mercury-column, from which a wire 18 runsto the battery G. From the contacts on the scale of the thermometerwires 19 2O 21 ru n to a switchboard H, upon which are contactsregistering with the points of contact upon the thermometer-scale. Fromthe switchboard a Wire 22 runs to a bell I, which is in turn connectedby a wire 23 to the battery G, thus completing the circuit. When theattendant desires that a certain degree of heat in the compartmentshould not be exceeded, he sets the switch at the point desired. Whenthe heat in the compartment causes the mercury in the thermometer torise to the point indicated on the switchboard, the circuit is completedand the bell rings. If the temperature is too high, the damper in theventilator is opened, allowing the surplus heat to escape.

If the lisle finish is produced in an oxidizing-room with an excess ofmoisture, the texture of the cloth is rendered tender, and to remedythis defect I fix a hygrometer J in the compartmentin order to ascertainat what point the dry heat may be increased Without danger to the goods.The bulb of the hygrometer is kept moist by water held in a small cup24.

The operation of the device is as follows: The articles to be oxidizedare placed in the cylinder, the door 12 is closed, and the cylinderrevolved. As the cylinder revolves the pins 10 carry the contents to thetop of the cylinder, when they slide from the pins and fall to thebottom. This constant motion of the cylinder and dropping of thearticles cause the air and gases to more quickly act upon the die, andoxidizing is consequently more rapid than by the old method.

What I claim is- 1. In an apparatus for oxidizing dyed material, thecombination with an inclosing compartment; of a pervious, revoluble drumor cylinder, and air-feeding means arranged therein, an alarm forindicating when the temperature within the compartment reaches apredetermined point, said device comprising a thermometer arrangedwithin said compartment and provided with a plurality of contacts; abell, battery and switchboard arranged upon the exterior of thecompartment, said switchboard having contacts, and a controlling-switch,and wires extending to the exterior through the wall of the compartmentand connected to the contacts of the thermometer with the bell, batteryand contacts of the switchboard, together with a ventilator for allowingthe heat to escape from the compartment, substantially as described.

2. In an oxidizing apparatus, an inclosing structure containing arevoluble pervious drum, means for heating the air upon the interior ofsaid structure to the exclusion of outside air, means for sealing saidstructure and excluding and admitting air to the interior of saidstructure and regulating the discharge of heat therefrom, a thermostatwithin the inclosing structure, an indicator on the exterior, electricalconnections between the thermostat and indicator, and an adjustablecontrolling device in circuit with the thermostat, indicator andconnections for regulating the passage of an electrical current to adaptthe indicator to sound at different predetermined temperatures, wherebythe indicating means may be adjusted from without while the chamber issealed, so that when the temperature reaches a given point the sealingmeans may be opened to admit air to, and allow heat to discharge from,the inclosing structure, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

ALEXANDER N. DUBOIS.

